Apparatus and System for Grain Storage

ABSTRACT

A modular food storage apparatus for storing dry goods and/or perishable goods. The food storage apparatus may be fixed or mobile. The apparatus includes a scalable frame. A plurality of scalable side panels are securely affixed to the frame. A plurality of scalable roofing panels are securely affixed to the frame and to the side panels. The food storage apparatus may be stationary and affixed to a concrete foundation. The apparatus may be modified with monitoring devices and venting devices for storage of dry goods. The apparatus may be modified for storage of perishable goods using refrigeration or a controlled atmosphere environment.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/532,779, filed on Sep. 9, 2011, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/608,424, filed on Mar. 8, 2012, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/636,216, filed on Apr. 20, 2012. The disclosure of these priority applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an apparatus and system for food storage.

BACKGROUND

Increasingly, food shortages loom in a world that grows enough food, but that sees harvests rot in fields, consumed by insects and rodents, or pilfered by thieves. In lesser developed countries, the source of these problems is often a lack of adequate food storage and security. Grain storage systems are also frequently antiquated and insufficient in a variety of ways, including relying upon old technology and old structures; these grain storage system deficiencies even exist in developed countries. Furthermore, many grain storage structures, such as silos, offer short term storage only and suffer from susceptibility to both internal and external hazards. The height of these type of structures also makes them vulnerable to severe weather as well as violent acts. As an additional deficiency, gas from the grain can build up internally in the storage structure leading to a potentially explosive, hazardous atmosphere.

These and other deficiencies exist.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An exemplary embodiment is a modular grain storage apparatus that is fixed. The storage apparatus comprises a scalable frame; a plurality of scalable side panels, each side panel securely attachable to other side panels, roofing panels, and the frame; and a plurality of scalable roofing panels that are securely attachable to other roofing panels, the side panels, and the frame.

Another exemplary embodiment is a modular grain storage apparatus that is mobile. The mobile storage apparatus comprises a scalable frame; plurality of hole-vented scalable floor panels, securely attachable to the frame; a plurality of wheels, securely attachable to the floor panels; a plurality of scalable side panels, each side panel securely attachable to the frame, one or more floor panels and securely attachable to one or more other side panels; and a plurality of roofing panels, each roofing panel securely attachable to one or more scalable side panels and the frame.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A depicts a stationary modular storage apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1B depicts a side view of the stationary modular storage apparatus shown in FIG. 1A, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1C depicts a front view of the stationary modular storage apparatus shown in FIG. 1A, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1D depicts a front view of a stationary modular storage apparatus that has been modified for increased width and height, using one or more extenders, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1E depicts a front view of a stationary modular storage apparatus that has been modified for increased width and height, using a raised foundation, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1F depicts multiple views of a “c-channel” extender, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1G depicts multiple views of a “wide-flange” extender, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 depicts an interior view of the stationary modular storage apparatus shown in FIG. 1A, according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 3 depicts an interior view of a stationary modular storage apparatus that is modified for refrigerated storage, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 depicts an interior view of a stationary modular storage apparatus that is modified for grain storage, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 depicts an alternate view of the stationary modular storage apparatus shown in FIG. 4, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 depicts a method for constructing a modular storage apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7 depicts an interior view of a stationary modular storage apparatus that is modified for controlled atmosphere storage, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8 depicts a mobile modular storage apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

These and other embodiments and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrating by way of example the principles of the various exemplary embodiments of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

It will be readily understood by those persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the inventions described herein are capable of broad utility and application. Accordingly, while the invention is described herein in detail in relation to the exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that this disclosure is illustrative and is made to provide an enabling disclosure of the exemplary embodiments. The disclosure is not intended to be construed to limit the embodiments of the invention or otherwise to exclude any other such embodiments, adaptations, variations, modifications and equivalent arrangements.

The following descriptions are provided of different configurations and features according to exemplary embodiments of the invention. These configurations and features may relate to providing an apparatus and system for storing grain and/or other foodstuffs. While certain nomenclature and types of applications or hardware are described, other names and application or hardware usage is possible and the nomenclature provided is done so by way of non-limiting examples only. Further, while particular embodiments are described, these particular embodiments are meant to be exemplary and non-limiting and it further should be appreciated that the features and functions of each embodiment may be combined in any combination as is within the capability of one of ordinary skill in the art.

The figures depict various functionality and features associated with exemplary embodiments. While a single illustrative block, sub-system, device, or component is shown, these illustrative blocks, sub-systems, devices, or components may be multiplied for various applications or different application environments. In addition, the blocks, sub-systems, devices, or components may be further combined into a consolidated unit. Further, while a particular structure or type of block, sub-system, device, or component is shown, this structure is meant to be exemplary and non-limiting, as other structure may be able to be substituted to perform the functions described.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention relate to grain storage structures or units which have a variety of features. The grain storage structures may have independent power sources and rely upon alternative energy sources. The structures may provide both long term and short term storage. The structures may be fixed or may be mobile. The structures may be constructed in a manner that places an economy on its material usage such that the structure is modular and cost effective to manufacture yet provides a high strength to weight ratio. The structures may incorporate a variety of security features. The structures are of a lower profile than existing structures providing less susceptibility to weather and other environmental hazards, including human hazards.

The structures may incorporate one or more sensors. The sensors may be both internal and external sensors. These sensors may be capable of monitoring a variety of conditions. By way of non-limiting example, the sensors may monitor temperature, humidity, weight of the contents, gases, access to the structure, power status, and location of the structure. The sensors may be configured such that a single sensor monitors a particular condition. Alternatively, a sensor may monitor a plurality of conditions. The sensors may be locally and/or remotely monitored.

The structures may incorporate a ventilation system preventing build-up of a moisture or harmful or dangerous gases. The ventilation system may be two-way to both ventilate the structure and be used to admit outside air into the structure to regulate the internal atmospheric conditions of the structure.

The structures may accommodate grain and/or foodstuffs in a variety of storage conditions. For example, the structure may accommodate bulk, bagged, crated, and box storage of grain. The structure may also accommodate canned or similarly contained foodstuffs. In one exemplary embodiment, the structure may be configured to USAID standards, capable of storing 1496 MT of one type of grain per module. The structure may have multiple such modules. The structures may be equipped with dual roll-up doors and access doors positioned on either side of the warehouse to enable first-in-first-out (FIFO) and last-in-first-out (LIFO) circulation of stored contents

The structures may further be reconfigurable to other configurations, including but not limited to, refrigerated storage, controlled atmosphere storage, and shelved storage for foodstuffs. Importantly, while exemplary embodiments are described herein with respect to storage of grain, the embodiments are not so limited and may be used for storage of a variety of foodstuffs, such as, for example, produce. Also other material, apart from foodstuffs, may be stored therein. It should be appreciated that appropriate modifications may be required to accommodate storage of other materials besides grain. Exemplary embodiments include two storage concepts: commercial warehousing that may be fixed, and mobile storage units that may be mobile.

The commercial warehousing facility may be the larger of the two embodiments. These units may be designed with the intent of providing short and long term centralized storage options for grain and other food stockpiles. The design is warehouse-like in appearance and modular in concept. The design is configured to be prefabricated and assembled with minimum effort. Aeration floor panels may be set on top of a formed concrete trench or on top of a flat concrete floor that may serve as the foundation.

Side panels are fasted to the foundation and to roof panels using internal pin locking hinges, allowing for security and customized scale. Each panel is produced with a number of standard and optional features according to end-user preferences, and then assembled on-site. Transparent panels may be placed around the tops of the side walls of the building to allow for sunlight, while reducing the chance of water leakage and improving roof load stability. The possible features of these panels and the available additional mechanisms are listed below. These are meant to be exemplary, non-limiting examples as it should be appreciated that other features are possible.

Exterior Panels:

Pre-fabricated, rust resistant steel panels

Reflective and insulating enamel/paint

Locking pin hinges placed on the interior side of panel (used to fasten panels together)

Built in foam or fiberglass insulation

Rubberized and sealed copings/thresholds (to prevent pest entry)

Green roof application built into roof panels (for insulation and renewable energy credits)

Rain capture feature built into roof panels, with water storage barrel hook up

Top load and side load door panels for entry into complex USAID compliant design

Internal Mechanisms:

Integrated bracket and racketing systems (to subdivide storage items)

Soft compartmentalization (dividers for a variety of grain to be stored in one location)

Passive inlets and exhaust vents

Mechanical ventilation fans

Hazardous gas monitors

Aeration fans (for grains)

Refrigeration cells (for perishables)

Controlled atmosphere cells (for perishables)

Electronic inventory monitoring

Distribution options for both bulk (fitted with collars/pumps and shaft) or bagged holds

Conveyor belt systems

Power Supply Options:

Petroleum fuel and gas generators

Photo-voltaic solar production integrated into roofing panels

On-site wind turbines

Grid power in-line hook up

Security:

Motion sensor door and perimeter exterior lighting

Security cameras

Electronic alarms

Barbed-wire roof copings

Razor-wire roof copings

Variety of locking options for all doors/openings (standard padlock, keypad, or hand scanner)

The mobile storage units, the smaller of the two exemplary embodiments, are designed with the intent of providing retail sized, transportable, closed containers for use on farms and smaller cooperatives for safe, secure grain and food storage. The mobile storage unit may borrow from technologies created for the commercial warehousing facilities, but given its application, is designed to be more economic (and therefore, less sophisticated) in nature. Rectangular in design, this unit may be pod-like in appearance. Like the commercial warehousing facility, the mobile storage unit may utilize the same rust resistant panel design and internal hinge locking devices to create a rectangular storage unit. The unit also may have a raised, hole vented floor. Reflective paint and insulation are also available. The unit can be accessed from either a side opening or top hatch, both of which have locking options. It may also include exhaust vents for passive moisture and warm air venting. The unit is mobile, but also can be placed on the ground and be pin secured. The unit has wheels that can lock in place in order to prevent theft. Trailer hitches may be attached to the unit, which also have lockable casings to prevent theft. The unit may have dimensions that allow for cargo-ship and train transportation, or have features that allow them to double as freight containers. Mobile storage units may be constructed so as to allow for direct use and integration into the commercial warehousing facilities.

FIG. 1A depicts a stationary modular storage apparatus 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. Storage apparatus 100 may comprise a scalable frame 101 a (shown in FIG. 2). The frame may comprise a plurality of beam-like elements. The beam-like elements may have a uniform length. The beam-like elements may have different lengths, depending on where they are located in the frame. The beam-like elements may have a cross-section that resembles an “I” shape. The beam-like elements may have a cross-section that resembles a “C” shape. Other cross-sectional shapes are contemplated, depending on the design preferences for the stationary modular storage apparatus.

The frame may be arranged to provide support for side panels 103 a and roofing panels 105 a. The frame may be constructed to a height sufficient to withstand inclement weather conditions. The frame may be made of steel. The plurality of beam-like elements may be joined using bolts, such as high-strength A325 type bolts. The frame may be securely attachable to a foundation. The foundation may be concrete, asphalt, or other earthen. The foundation may be trenched. The foundation may act as a barrier to burrowing vermin. The frame may be securely attached to the foundation using anchor bolts 102 b (shown in FIG. 3).

The frame may be made of first-run steel. Red-oxide primer may be baked onto the frame. The steel may be hot-galvanized and/or zinc protected. The frame may conform to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) A529, A572, A111, or A1011. The steel may have a minimum yield strength of 350 MPa. The steel may be hot rolled or cold formed.

Storage apparatus 100 may further comprise a plurality of scalable floor panels 102 (shown in FIG. 2). At least one of the floor panels may be aerated. In the stationary embodiment depicted in FIGS. 1A-1C, the floor panels 102 may be securely attachable to the foundation. The floor panels may be recessed.

Storage apparatus 100 may further comprise a plurality of scalable side panels 103 a. The side panels may be securely attachable to each other and/or one or more roofing panels 105 a using, for example, internal pin locking hinges. The side panels may be securely attachable to the frame 101 a using, for example, self-drilling screws. The side panels may be ribbed (shown as 103 b in FIG. 1A). The side panels may be recessed. The side panels may be treated with insulating material, such as fiberglass, polystyrene, or foam. At least one of the side panels may be made of translucent material to allow for natural lighting.

At least one of the side panels may include one or more openings, such as a roll-up door 104 a (shown in FIG. 1C). Roll-up door 104 a may include a chain hoist. The opening may include a pedestrian access door 104 b. The opening may include a security apparatus 104 c, such as a padlock, keypad, motion sensor, or hand scanner, as is well known in the art.

FIG. 2 depicts an interior view of an exemplary embodiment of the stationary modular storage apparatus 100 shown in FIGS. 1A-1C. FIG. 2 includes a view of the frame elements 101 a and floor panels 102. As shown in FIG. 2, storage apparatus 100 may further comprise a plurality of scalable roofing panels 105 a. The roofing panels may be securely attachable to each other and/or one or more of the scalable side panels 103 a using, for example, internal pin locking hinges. The roofing panels may be securely attachable to the frame 101 a using, for example, self-drilling screws. The roofing panels may be treated with an insulating material, such as fiberglass or foam. The roofing panels may be sloped (as shown in FIG. 1C). At least one of the roofing panels may include a rain capture feature. At least one of the roofing panels may be made of translucent material, as depicted by 105 b. The translucent material may act as a skylight to allow natural lighting of the interior of storage apparatus 100.

Storage apparatus 100 may be assembled using simple wrenches, drills and screw drivers. Storage apparatus 100 may be assembled without the need for welding. Floor panels, side panels, and roofing panels all may be easily loaded onto trucks and transported to the building site where the storage apparatus is assembled.

Storage apparatus 100 may include one or more racks 206, configured to store items, such as bags of grain. The racks 206 may be configured to accommodate bulk, bagged, crated, and/or box storage.

FIG. 1D depicts a modular stationary storage apparatus that has been adapted for increased storage using one or more scalable extenders 101 c that may be attached to frame 101 a at the base where the frame is connected to the ground or the foundation. The width and height of the modular storage apparatus depicted in FIG. 1D has been increased as compared to the modular storage apparatus depicted in FIGS. 1A-1C. Extender 101 c is shown in a cutaway view of the front of a modular storage apparatus. The scalable extenders 101 c may be of a sufficient length to allow frame elements 101 a to have a uniform length L1, as shown in FIG. 1D. Frame elements 101 a are shown on the outside of the modular storage apparatus in FIG. 1D, but they may be located behind side panels 103 a.

Extenders 101 c may be made of the same material as frame 101 a. Extenders 101 c may be made of steel. The extenders may be joined to the frame or other extenders using bolts, such as high-strength A325 type 1 bolts. The extenders may be securely attachable to the foundation using, for example, anchor bolts. While FIG. 1D depicts extender 101 c connecting frame 101 a to the foundation, extenders 101 c may additionally or alternatively be placed at other locations along the frame. For example, extender 101 c may be connected to frame element 101 a at the point where frame element 101 a adjoins one or more roofing panels. Extenders 101 c may also be securely attachable to side panels, roof panels, and floor panels, using, for example, self-drilling screws.

FIG. 1F depicts an exemplary embodiment of extender 101 c, from multiple perspectives. As depicted in FIG. 1F, extender 101 c may have a “c-channel” shape. “C-channel” extender 101 c is shown with two holes at each end to allow attachment to one or more frame elements 101 a. The cross-sectional shape of extender 101 c may be adapted to conform to the shape of the adjoining frame element 101 a, depending on the design needs.

FIG. 1G depicts another exemplary embodiment of extender 101 c. As shown in FIG. 1G, extender 101 c may have an “I” shape, or wide-flange design. In FIG. 1G, extender 101 c is shown with four holes at each end to allow attachment to one or more frame elements 101 a. The cross-sectional shape of extender 101 c may be adapted to conform to the shape of the adjoining frame element 101 a, depending on the design needs.

As used herein, the term “scalable” is defined to include the concept that the size of an element may be increased or decreased, depending on the design requirements for the modular storage apparatus. The scalable frame elements and/or panels may be manufactured to a certain size to meet design requirements of the modular storage apparatus. Alternatively, the scalable frame elements and/or panels may be configured such that the size may be altered during the assembly process of the modular storage apparatus. For example, the height, width, and/or length of a modular storage apparatus may be adjusted using one or more extenders. An extender may be attached to a frame element to increase the length of the frame element. This allows the frame elements to be scaled to provide a desired framework for different sized floor panels, roofing panels, and/or side panels. The scalable frame elements and/or panels may also be designed to be interchangeable.

Additionally or alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1E, at least a portion of the modular storage apparatus shown in FIG. 1D may rest on an elevated base 101 d. The elevated platform 101 d may be made of masonry or reinforced concrete.

As depicted in FIG. 2, the frame elements 101 a may be connected using one or more cable elements 101 b. Cable elements 101 b may act as a brace for frame 101 a.

Dimensionally, the exemplary stationary storage apparatus depicted in FIGS. 1A-1C and FIG. 2 may be 40 meters long, 15 meters wide, and 5 meters tall when fully assembled. When constructed, the combination of the frame 101 a and the roofing panels 105 a may have live load capacity of 600 N/m². The frame 101 a and roofing panels 105 a may have a snow load capacity of 200 N/m². The combination of the frame 101 a, side panels 103 a, and roofing panels 105 a may be able to resist a wind load of up to 150 km/hr. Because the roofing panels, floor panels, and side panels are modular and scalable, other dimensions are possible. A storage apparatus that is 40 m×15 m×5 m has a gross volume of 3,000 m³. Of this gross volume, approximately 1,536 m³ may be usable for storage. For storing bagged grain, assuming one bag has a mass of 50 kg, and grain has a density of 713 kg/m³, the exemplary storage apparatus having the dimensions shown above could hold 21,903 bags of grain, as shown in the equation below:

Storage Capacity=1,536 m³×753 Kg/m³÷50 Kg/bag=21,903 Bags

For wheat, which has a density of roughly 790 kg/m³, the exemplary storage apparatus having the dimensions shown above could hold 24,269 bags of wheat, as shown in the equation below:

Storage Capacity=1,536 m³×790 Kg/m³÷50 Kg/bag=24,269 Bags

Storage apparatus having exemplary dimensions of 40 m×15 m×5 m may hold 1,800 MT of wheat.

The floor panels 102, side panels 103 a, and roofing panels 105 a may be made of a durable material. The material may be steel, such as 26 gauge steel that is hot rolled or cold formed. The steel may have a 350 MPa yield standard. The panels may be coated with a rust-resistant material. The floor panels, roofing panels, and side panels may be treated with a coating on either side to prevent deterioration. The floor panels, roofing panels, and side panels may be treated with a solar reflective substrate, such as paint or enamel. The floor panels, roofing panels, and side panels may be treated with flame-retardant materials.

The storage apparatus 100 having exemplary dimensions of 40 m×15 m×5 m uses significantly less steel than conventional storage structures. An assembled storage apparatus according to the present invention may be only 35% of the weight of a conventional structure. On a cost basis, the materials needed to construct the exemplary embodiment described above may cost 50% less than those used to build a conventional storage structure.

Stationary storage apparatus 100 may include one or more power generation devices or systems. The power generation devices or systems may include, without limitation, solar panels, wind turbines, and/or fuel-powered generators. The solar panels may be integrated with one or more of the roofing panels 105 a. The solar panels may be attached to the one or more roofing panels using a mount racking system, as is well known in the art. Storage apparatus 100 may be configured to connect to traditional power grids via power lines. Storage apparatus 100 may be powered by one or more diesel generators.

Storage apparatus 100 may include one or more interior lights and/or exterior lights. The lights may be attached to one or more roofing panels and/or one or more side panels.

Storage apparatus 100 may be adapted to include one or more office space kits (not shown). An exemplary office space kit may be 8 m×6 m to accommodate 600 kg/m² of load. The office space kit may comprise one or more wall units, doors, and windows. The office space kit may be made of 26 gauge steel panels.

Storage apparatus 100 may be adapted to include one or more partition walls 103 c (depicted in FIG. 7). Partition walls 103 c may be configured for applications in dry goods storage, refrigerated storage, and/or controlled atmosphere storage. One or more partition walls may be used to separate different types of stored goods. The one or more partition walls may be made of 26 gauge Galvalume steel.

The storage apparatus described in the present invention may also be adapted to store perishable goods, such as fruit and vegetables. FIG. 3 depicts a stationary storage apparatus 300 adapted for refrigerated storage that includes one or more refrigeration units 310. Stationary storage apparatus 300 may include all of the components of stationary storage apparatus 100 as depicted in FIGS. 1A-1E and FIG. 2. Refrigeration unit 310 may be adapted for storing perishable goods. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, storage apparatus 300 may be compartmentalized to allow storage of both dry goods and perishable goods, as depicted in FIG. 3.

FIG. 7 depicts a stationary storage apparatus 700 adapted for controlled atmosphere storage. Controlled atmosphere storage refers to the monitoring and adjustment of oxygen (O₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels within a storage apparatus. As stored perishables respire due to metabolic activity, the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide inside storage apparatus 700 will change. Controlled atmosphere storage may allow storage apparatus 700 to reduce the respiration rate of stored fruits and vegetables by 50% compared to refrigerated storage at the same temperature. Storage apparatus 700 may be adapted with one or more devices that may alter the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen inside the storage apparatus.

Storage apparatus 700 may be adapted to include one or more scrubbers 710 to remove excess carbon dioxide. A scrubber may be, for example, a lime room adapted to absorb excess carbon dioxide. Storage apparatus 700 may be adapted to include ventilation units to add oxygen. Storage apparatus 700 may include one or more nitrogen displacement units to reduce oxygen levels inside storage apparatus 700. Storage apparatus 700 may include one or more nitrogen storage tanks and/or air compressors.

Storage apparatus 700 may include sealing materials 707 to create gas-tight storage. The joints between side panels, floor panels, and roof panels may be fitted with gas-tight tape or painted with flexible plastic paint. One or more side panels may be adapted to include a pressure/vacuum relief valve to maintain a desired pressure level inside the storage apparatus.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, side panels 103 a may be treated with sealing material 307 or 707 to seal gaps between the side panels and the foundation. The sealing material may be, for example, caulk or foam strips. The sealing material may prevent essential gases from seeping out of the storage apparatus to aid in the preservation of perishable goods.

FIGS. 4-5 depict a stationary storage apparatus 400 that has been adapted for dry storage of grains, such as wheat, rice, corn, textile products and/or animal feed. Stationary storage apparatus 400 may include all the features of storage apparatus 100, as depicted in FIGS. 1A-1C and FIG. 2. Storage apparatus 400 may include one or more conveyer systems (not shown). A conveyer may be attached to frame 101 a. The conveyer may be configured to efficiently load and unload stored grain.

Stationary storage apparatus 400 may include one or more sensors 408 a. The sensors 408 a may be humidity sensors. Humidity sensors may be configured to detect atmospheric moisture within a storage unit. The sensors 408 a may be gas sensors. Gas sensors used in controlled atmosphere storages may be configured to detect the levels of gases within storage apparatus 400. Gas sensors 408 a may also be configured to monitor humidity levels.

Stationary storage apparatus 400 may include one or more temperature and or/moisture monitors 408 b. Temperature monitors may include one or more thermostats. Moisture levels and temperature affect grain deterioration. Temperature and gas monitors help detect grain temperature that may lead to mold growth, spoilage, sprouting, and insect infestation.

Stationary storage apparatus 400 may also include one or more ventilation systems. Ventilation systems may be configured to work in tandem with gas, humidity and temperature sensors to aerate the interior of storage apparatus 400 and prevent the buildup of harmful gases and/or moisture levels. Ventilation systems may be a combination of passive and mechanical venting devices. A passive ventilation device may include one or more louvres 409 a, or ridge vents. The ridge vents 409 a may be included in the side panels 103 a. A mechanical ventilation device may include one or more fans 409 b.

Temperature sensors 408 b, gas sensors 408 a, and ventilation systems may also be included in the refrigerated modular storage apparatus 300 and the controlled atmosphere modular storage apparatus 700.

Monitoring devices in modular storage apparatus 300, 400, and/or 700, such as gas sensors 408 a and temperature sensors 408 b, may be electronically connected to a network-enabled computer system for automated food storage monitoring and control (“the monitoring and control system”). The monitoring devices may gather monitoring data and relay the data to the monitoring and control system, which may be located on-site, or remotely connected to the monitoring devices via one or more networks.

The monitoring and control system may be configured to analyze the monitoring data to determine if one or more of the temperature levels, gas levels, and humidity levels have exceeded a threshold level. If a threshold level is exceeded, the monitoring and control system may display an alert to one or more users. The monitoring and control system may also be operably connected to the ventilation system to allow a user to activate one or more ventilation devices in response to the alert. The monitoring and control system may also be configured to automatically activate one or more ventilation devices to in response to an alert. Activating the ventilation system may involve expelling excess gases from the storage apparatus.

Monitoring devices in refrigerated storage apparatus 300 and controlled atmosphere storage apparatus 700 may be connected to the monitoring and control system described above. The system may be configured to activate controlled atmosphere storage devices in response to certain levels of oxygen and/or carbon dioxide that are detected by the monitoring devices. For example, if a threshold level of carbon dioxide is exceeded inside storage apparatus 700, the monitoring and control system may automatically activate one or more scrubbers to reduce the carbon dioxide levels inside storage apparatus 700 to an acceptable level that maximizes preservation of perishables, such as fruit and vegetables.

Grain storage apparatus 400, refrigerated storage apparatus 300, controlled atmosphere storage apparatus 700, and storage apparatus 100 may include one or more security devices, such as camera 407 a (shown in FIG. 4). Other security devices may include alarms and/or motions sensors. The one or more security devices may be connected to the network-enabled computer system. The security devices may alert the monitoring and control system when the storage apparatus has been breached or compromised. The alert may be an alarm. Security devices, such as surveillance cameras, may also be placed on the exterior of storage apparatus 400.

Other security devices may include one or more magnetic tags that may be attached to bags of grain or storage containers. The tags may be configured to trigger an alarm if they are improperly removed from the storage apparatus. Bags of grain or perishable goods may be affixed with Universal Product Code (UPC) computerized bar code labels for documenting time of entry into and exit from storage apparatus 400.

As referred to herein, a network-enabled computer system and/or device may include, but is not limited to: any computer device, or communications device including, e.g., a server, a network appliance, a personal computer (PC), a workstation, a mobile device, a phone, a smartphone, a handheld PC, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a thin client, a fat client, an Internet browser, or other device. The network-enabled computer systems may execute one or more software applications to, for example, receive data as input from an entity accessing the network-enabled computer system, process received data, transmit data over a network, and receive data over a network.

A network may be one or more of a wireless network, a wired network or any combination of wireless network and wired network. For example, the network may include one or more of a fiber optics network, a passive optical network, a cable network, an Internet network, a satellite network, a wireless LAN, a Global System for Mobile Communication (“GSM”), a Personal Communication Service (“PCS”), a Personal Area Network (“PAN”), D-AMPS, Wi-Fi, Fixed Wireless Data, IEEE 802.11b, 802.15.1, 802.11n and 802.11g or any other wired or wireless network for transmitting and receiving a data signal.

FIG. 5 depicts a view of grain storage apparatus 400 (roofing panels 105 a not shown) that includes bulk grain 515. The grain may be stored on palleted stacks. The grain may be stored on racks. The grain may be stored in bags. Storage apparatus 100, 300, 400, and/or 700 may include one or more conveyor systems for loading and unloading stored materials. The conveyor system may be portable or it may be permanently affixed to the frame. Storage apparatus 100, 300, 400, and/or 700 may include one or more dividers for storing different types of grain. Storage apparatus 100, 300, 400, and/or 700 may include one or more hydraulic docks lifts.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a method for building a modular storage apparatus according to the present invention. The method 600 shown in FIG. 6 can be used to construct the storage apparatus shown in FIGS. 1A-1E and FIGS. 2-7, by way of example, and various elements of that structure are referenced in explaining the method of FIG. 6. Each block shown in FIG. 6 represents one or more processes, methods, or subroutines in the exemplary method 600. Referring to FIG. 6, the exemplary method 600 may begin at block 601.

In block 601, the method 600 may erect a frame. The frame may comprise a plurality of beam-like elements. The frame may be arranged to provide support for scalable side panels and roofing panels. The frame may be constructed to a height sufficient to withstand inclement weather conditions. The frame may be made of steel. The plurality of beam-like elements may be joined using bolts, such as high-strength A325 type 1 bolts. The frame may be securely attachable to a foundation using, for example, anchor bolts. The foundation may be a concrete block. The concrete foundation may have trenched walls. The method may then proceed to block 602.

At block 602, the method 600 may affix a plurality of scalable side panels to the frame. The side panels may be securely attachable to the frame using, for example, self-drilling screws. The side panels may be ribbed. The side panels may be recessed. The side panels may be treated with insulating material, such as fiberglass, polystyrene, or foam. At least one of the side panels may be made of translucent material

At least one of the side panels may include one or more openings, such as a roll-up door. The one or more openings may include a pedestrian door. The opening may include a security apparatus, such as a padlock, keypad, motion sensor, card-reader, or hand scanner, as is well known in the art. The method may then proceed to block 603.

At block 603, the method 600 may affix a plurality of scalable roofing panels to the frame. The roofing panels may be securely attachable to the frame using, for example, self-drilling screws. The roofing panels may be treated with an insulating material, such as fiberglass or foam. The roofing panels may be sloped. At least one of the roofing panels may include a rain capture feature. At least one of the roofing panels may be made of translucent material. The translucent material may act as a skylight to allow natural lighting of the interior of the modular storage apparatus. The method may then proceed to block 604.

At block 604, the method 600 may fasten the roofing panels and side panels to each other. The scalable panels may be securely attached to each other using, for example, internal pin locking hinges.

FIG. 8 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a mobile modular storage apparatus 800. Mobile storage apparatus 800 may comprise a scalable frame 801. The frame may comprise a plurality of beam-like elements. The mobile storage apparatus may comprise a plurality of scalable floor panels 802, securely attachable to the frame. At least one of the floor panels may be aerated. The floor panels may be recessed. At least one of the floor panels may be securely attachable to one or more wheels 806. The wheels may be lockable to prevent theft. The wheels 806 may be detachable from the floor panels. The floor panels may be raised. The floor panels may include at least one false bottom discharge 808.

Mobile storage apparatus 800 may further comprise a plurality of scalable side panels 803 a. The side panels may be securely attachable to each other and/or one or more roofing panels 805 a and floor panels 802 using, for example, internal pin locking hinges. The side panels may be securely attachable to the frame 801. The mobile storage apparatus may also be placed on the ground and be pin secured through vent holes 803 b. The side panels may be treated with insulating material, such as fiberglass, polystyrene, or foam. At least one of the side panels may be made of translucent material.

At least one of the side panels may include one or more openings, such as a cargo door 804. The opening may include a security apparatus, such as a padlock, keypad, motion sensor, or hand scanner, as is well known in the art.

Mobile storage apparatus 800 may further comprise a plurality of scalable roofing panels 805 a. The roofing panels may be securely attachable to each other and/or one or more of the scalable side panels 803 a using, for example, internal pin locking hinges. The roofing panels may be securely attachable to the frame. The roofing panels may be treated with an insulating material, such as fiberglass or foam. The roofing panels may include one or more openings, such as a roof-access door, a hatched opening, or a hopper inlet 805 b.

Mobile storage apparatus 800 may also include one or more exhaust units 809, such as passive vents or active fans for moisture and warm air venting. Mobile storage apparatus may be configured for refrigerated storage using one or more refrigeration units 810 a. The refrigeration units 810 a may be installed on the side of the mobile storage unit. The refrigeration units may be detachable. Mobile storage apparatus may include one or more detachable dryers 810 b. The mobile storage apparatus may include an attached trailer hitch 811, which may have lockable casings to prevent theft. Trailer hitch 811 may be detachable. The mobile storage apparatus may have dimensions that allow for cargo-ship and train transportation, or have features that allow them to double as freight containers. Mobile storage units may be constructed so as to allow for direct use and integration into a larger, stationary storage apparatus.

Mobile storage apparatus 800 may be assembled using simple wrenches, drills and screw drivers. Mobile storage apparatus 800 may be assembled without the need for welding. Floor panels, side panels, and roofing panels all may be easily loaded onto trucks and transported to the building site where the storage apparatus is assembled.

The frame 801, floor panels 802, side panels 803 a, and roofing panels 805 a may be made of a durable material. The material may be steel, such as 26 gauge steel that is hot rolled or cold formed. The steel may have a minimum 350 MPa yield standard. The panels may be coated with a rust-resistant material. The floor panels, roofing panels, and side panels may be treated with a coating on either side to prevent deterioration. The floor panels, roofing panels, and side panels may be treated with a solar reflective substrate, such as paint or enamel. The floor panels, roofing panels, and side panels may be treated with flame-retardant materials.

While the foregoing description includes details and specific examples, it is to be understood that these have been included for purposes of explanation only, and are not to be interpreted as limitations of the present invention. The storage apparatus described herein may be adapted for other uses beyond food storage. For example, the storage apparatus could be adapted to serve as a school building. One or more partitions could be included to create classrooms. A storage apparatus could also have military and/or industrial applications, as a supply depot for logistical purposes. The modular, scalable design and ease of construction make the storage apparatus easily adaptable for these and other uses.

While the embodiments have been particularly shown and described above, it will be appreciated that variations and modifications may be effected by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that such processes and systems do not need to be restricted to the specific embodiments described herein. Other embodiments, combinations of the present embodiments, and uses and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The specification and examples should be considered exemplary. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A stationary, modular food storage apparatus comprising: a scalable frame; a plurality of scalable side panels, each side panel securely attachable to one or more other side panels, and the frame; and a plurality of scalable roofing panels, each roofing panel securely attachable to one or more scalable side panels and the frame.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scalable frame comprises a plurality of beam-like elements, each beam-like element having a length.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of scalable aeration floor panels.
 4. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising one or more extenders, said extenders being configured to attach to at least one of the plurality of beam-like elements to increase the length of the beam-like elements.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the side panels and floor panels are made of rust-resistant material.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the panels are securely attachable using internal pin locking hinges.
 7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the floor panels are recessed and hole-vented.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the each roofing panels and side panels include insulating material.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the insulating material comprises one of fiberglass or foam.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the side panels includes an opening.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the opening includes a security apparatus comprising one of a padlock, keypad, or hand scanner.
 12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of roofing panels includes a rain capture feature.
 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of roofing panels, and side panels are treated with reflective material.
 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the reflective material comprises at least one of paint or enamel.
 15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the roofing panels includes a top opening.
 16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the side panels or roofing panels is made of translucent material.
 17. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising one or more power-generation devices.
 18. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising; at least one venting component, securely integrated with at least one side panel; and at least one monitoring device.
 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least one venting component comprises one of passive inlets, exhaust outlets, and mechanical ventilation fans.
 20. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the one or more power generation devices includes at least one of solar panels, wind turbines, and fuel-powered generators.
 21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least one monitoring devices comprises one of a temperature monitor, a gas monitor, and a humidity monitor.
 22. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the roofing panels and sidewall panels are made of translucent material.
 23. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one refrigeration device
 24. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one controlled atmosphere device.
 25. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a foundation, wherein the frame is securely attached to the foundation.
 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the foundation is one of concrete, asphalt, or earth.
 27. A mobile modular food storage apparatus comprising: a scalable frame; a plurality of scalable hole-vented floor panels, each floor panel securely attachable to the frame and other floor panels; a plurality of wheels, securely attachable to the floor panels; a plurality of scalable side panels, each side panel securely attachable to one or more floor panels and securely attachable to one or more other side panels and securely attachable to the frame; and a plurality of roofing panels, each roofing panel securely attachable to one or more scalable side panels and securely attachable to the frame. 